Updated for 2026

Maryland MDOT MVD (Maryland Department of Transportation - Motor Vehicle Administration)

Comprehensive study guide for the 2026 driver's knowledge exam. Everything you need to know about laws, fees, and requirements.

Total Questions

25

Passing Score

22

Standard Fee

$50.00 (Learner's Instructional Permit)

Testing System

touchscreen computer (Timed: 20 minutes)

Critical Failure Factors

A primary reason for failure in Maryland is the strict 20-minute time limit for the written test, causing applicants to rush. On the road test, many fail the 'Closed Course' portion by striking a cone or curb during the 'Two-Point Reverse Turn' before they even reach the public road.

Legal Statutes & Driving Codes

Maryland's traffic laws are heavily focused on preventing impaired driving and ensuring new drivers are thoroughly experienced before driving unsupervised. The cornerstone of the state's licensing process is the 'Rookie Driver' Graduated Licensing System (GLS). This three-stage system imposes strict rules. For the Learner's Instructional Permit (Type I), the applicant must be at least 15 years and 9 months old. Once obtained, the permit must be held for a minimum of 9 months violation-free. During this time, the rookie driver must log 60 hours of supervised driving practice, 10 of which must be at night. The next stage, the Provisional License, prohibits driving between 12:00 AM (Midnight) and 5:00 AM unless for work, school, or volunteer activities. Crucially, for the first 151 days (5 months) of the Provisional License, the driver cannot transport ANY passengers under the age of 18, except for immediate family members. Regarding safety legislation, 'Noah's Law' (The Drunk Driving Reduction Act of 2016) is one of the toughest in the nation. Named after Officer Noah Leotta, who was killed by a drunk driver, this law mandates that anyone convicted of a DUI/DWI must install an Ignition Interlock Device (IID) in their vehicle. This device requires the driver to blow into a breathalyzer to start the car. The mandate applies even for a first offense if the BAC is 0.15% or higher, or if a minor was in the car. Maryland also enforces an expanded 'Move Over Law'. Drivers approaching ANY stationary vehicle displaying hazard lights, road flares, or other warning signals (not just police or tow trucks) on a highway must move over to an adjacent lane. If moving over is not possible, they must slow down to a reasonable speed safe for current weather and road conditions. Finally, the use of handheld cell phones is illegal for all drivers (primary offense), and for drivers under 18, ALL cell phone use (including hands-free) is prohibited.

Statistical Realities

Taking the driving test in Maryland involves specific pressures and formats that differ from neighboring states. The written knowledge test is notoriously stressful because it is TIMED. You have exactly 20 minutes to answer 25 questions. You must get 22 correct (88%) to pass. This time pressure often causes applicants to misread questions, especially complex scenarios about right-of-way. It is highly recommended to use the 'Skip' feature; if you skip a question, it moves to the end of the queue, allowing you to answer the easy ones first to build your score without wasting time. The practical road test is also unique because it is split into two distinct parts: the 'Closed Course' maneuvers and the 'Public Road' test. Before you even go out onto the street, you must pass the Closed Course test in the MVA parking lot. This typically involves the 'Reverse Two-Point Turnabout', where you must back your vehicle into a parking space (simulating a driveway or alley) within a specific time limit (usually 3 minutes) without hitting any cones or curbs. Striking a cone or curb is an automatic failure, and the test ends immediately—you won't even get to drive on the road. Another critical fact is the vehicle inspection. Maryland examiners are extremely strict about the condition of the car you bring for the test. If your window tint is too dark (aftermarket tint on the windshield or front windows is illegal), or if there is a crack in the windshield near the wiper path, or if a single light bulb is out, the test will be canceled instantly. Regarding driving culture, Maryland drivers must be aware of the 'Potomac River Crossings' like the Chesapeake Bay Bridge. High winds often lead to bridge restrictions, and the manual advises specific lane usage during contra-flow operations. Finally, Maryland has a specific law for 'Aggressive Driving'. It is defined as committing three or more specific offenses (like speeding, tailgating, and weaving) simultaneously. Being charged with aggressive driving carries heavier penalties than the individual infractions combined.